It’s One Minute Before Midnight…

…for most of us who file tax returns. The deadline is Tuesday, October 15th at midnight for those on extension. That’s it–there’s no tomorrow (well, there is…but not for filing) with three exceptions (noted below). So what should you do?

1. File a return as best you can. Most true tax professionals are going to be very busy through Tuesday–you are likely on your own (unless you made arrangements; I do have a client coming in the office on Monday but he made arrangements a month ago). The IRS website is quite good; so are most state tax websites. They can help you in what you need.

2. Don’t ignore paperwork because you don’t like it! If you have a 1099 and you don’t include it on your return, the IRS computer will likely figure that out.

3. If you don’t receive a K-1 but you should have, contact the entity on Monday and see if you can get a copy. If the entity has vanished–I have a client where the K-1 issuer is out of business, and the bankruptcy trustee has not filed the entity’s 2012 returns–include what you think should be on the K-1 on your return and include a Form 8082 (Hat Tip: Joe Kristan) to explain what you’ve done and why.

4. If you can’t pay anything or everything, still file the return! If you don’t file, you will get hit with the late filing penalty…based on April 15th! It would be the same as if you had never filed the extension. That penalty can be up to 25% of the tax due on your return. File the return–it’s a no-brainer.

5. File electronically, or use certified mail, return receipt requested. Get proof of your filing. Note that the Post Office is closed on Monday for Columbus Day.

6. If it’s after the Post Office has closed, used an Automated Postal Center (available in many post offices). You can pay for certified mail from these machines, and the date-stamp of the postage will be the date when you purchase the postage. If it’s 11:35pm on October 15th when you buy the postage, it will show up as October 15th on the stamp even if the envelope isn’t picked up until the next day!

7. Three exceptions on the October 15th deadline: Individuals impacted by the flooding in Colorado have until December 2nd to file their returns. Individuals who filed Form 2350 for their extensions (this form is used for individuals taking the Foreign Earned Income Exclusion, and their Exclusion period does not end until after the October 15th extension deadline) have until the date on their Form 2350 to file their returns. And finally, individuals outside of the US on April 15th and who will be outside of the US on October 15th can request a second extension until December 15th (December 16th this year as the 15th is on a Sunday). Note that this request is not guaranteed to be accepted.

8. And don’t forget your state tax returns (if applicable).

Posted in IRS | 1 Comment

The 2014 State Business Tax Climate Index: Bring Me the Usual Suspects

The Tax Foundation released its 2014 State Business Tax Climate Index. In what will shock few readers of this blog, the usual suspects remain at both the top and bottom of the list.

First, let’s look at the top states–the best for business:

1. Wyoming
2. South Dakota
3. Nevada
4. Alaska
5. Florida
6. Washington
7. Montana
8. New Hampshire
9. Utah
10. Indiana

What do these states share? Generally, low taxes (and in the case of some of these states, no income tax). But as the Tax Foundation noted, “But this does not mean that a state cannot rank in the top ten while still levying all the major taxes. Indiana, which ousted Texas from the top ten this year, and Utah have all the major tax types, but levy them with low rates on broad bases.”

What happens when you have high taxes, complex taxes, and non-neutral taxes? You end up in the bottom ten:

41. Maryland
42. Connecticut
43. Wisconsin
44. North Carolina
45. Vermont
46. Rhode Island
47. Minnesota
48. California
49. New Jersey
50. New York

Let’s take my home state, Nevada, and compare it with California (my old state) to see why each ranks where they do. The Tax Foundation looked at five taxes: Corporate Tax, Individual Income Tax, Sales Tax, Unemployment Insurance Tax, and Property Tax.

Nevada doesn’t have a corporate tax or an individual income tax, so the state is tied at number one for both. California ranks dead last on the individual income tax. Not only does the Bronze Golden State have the highest state tax rate, there are numerous conformity issues (with federal taxes), and a tax bureaucracy that is hard to work with. California is below average for the corporate tax. This isn’t because California is that good; rather, there are states that are far worse.

Nevada and California rank 40th and 41st respectively on sales tax. Both states have complex systems with rates that vary in different districts. Additionally, both states have fairly high sales tax rates. California significantly outranks Nevada on Unemployment Insurance Tax. Nevada’s tax rate is one of the highest; California’s is relatively low with conformity on the maximum income base for this tax ($7,000). Nevada slightly outranks California on property tax (9th versus 14th). California’s low ranking is because of limits from Proposition 13. It’s something that gives certainty and is probably the third rail of California politics.

What most observers forget is the importance of the individual income tax. Most businesses pay tax through individual income taxes, not corporate taxes. S Corporations, LLCs, LLPs, general and limited partnerships, and sole proprietorships are flow-through entities that are taxed on the individual level. States that provide low rates on individual income taxes generally do better for businesses. While California is known for its entrepreneurs (think Silicon Valley), its tax climate discourages such ventures.

And for those who think that taxes don’t matter, I’m in Nevada as a result of taxes and California’s miserable business climate. Nissan moved its headquarters from California to Tennessee, and taxes were a big factor. For both small and large businesses (and everyone in between), these issues count. The Tax Foundation’s full study is well worth your perusal.

Posted in California, Legislation, Nevada | Tagged | 1 Comment

Yet Another Reminder that a License Doesn’t Always Mean Ethical Behavior

While we wait for the Loving appeal decision to come out, yet another reminder that not all licensed tax professionals are ethical. Here, we just have allegations of fraud, so it is definitely possible that the alleged villain of the story is innocent. Nevertheless, the story is too rich to not bring up.

Anyway, from Portland, Oregon, comes the indictment of Steven Cyr. Mr. Cyr is a tax attorney. He’s been charged with two felony counts of overstating the expenses on his own tax returns (for 2006 and 2007). According to a story in Willamette Week, Mr. Cyr reported expenses of $524,678 in 2006 and $408,767 in 2007; the indictment alleges that the total expense figures are inflated. Mr. Cyr is also being investigated by the Oregon Bar.

In any case, this indictment also shows that the IRS does have means of going after tax professionals who do commit crimes. If I were to commit tax crimes, the IRS can sue me and bar me from ever preparing tax returns. They can being proceedings to revoke my license–my license comes from the federal government. If I do something truly rotten, I can be indicted for those crimes.

The idea that just because people have licenses that they will all suddenly go the straight and narrow is laughable. There were tax crimes years ago; there will be tax crimes in the years that follow…licensing or not.

Posted in Oregon, Tax Fraud | 1 Comment

Sometimes, Pigs Do Fly (California Repeals FTB’s QSB Tax Grab)

I look out the window of my office, and I saw the pig that flies:

A flying pig?

[The Flying Pig is via a Creative Commons license, from Wikipedia. And, no, I didn’t see one flying by my office in Las Vegas.]

California Governor Jerry Brown signed legislation “repealing” the Franchise Tax Board’s grab of revenue via the QSB decision. For those who don’t remember, last year a court ruled that California couldn’t discriminate against owners of Qualified Small Business Stock who reinvested the proceeds in a non-California company. So the Franchise Tax Board had ruled that anyone who did this would be subject to back taxes on the proceeds of their QSB stock. It was a decision that had California’s tech community in an uproar.

Kudos to Governor Jerry Brown who officially put the end to the FTB’s tax grab. He signed legislation that through legislation states that entrepreneurs and others who followed the law do not have to pay back taxes, penalties, and interest to California.

So pigs did fly in Sacramento…at least for one day.

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Some Things Still Work; Others Don’t (IRS Shutdown)

With the IRS being basically closed, some services are still available. Tonight I was able to log into e-services and print a transcript for a client–a client I already had a Power of Attorney for. Yesterday, a new client came in needing back tax returns prepared; he’s on hold until we can obtain transcripts. He’ll probably have his bank records prior to his transcripts (and those will take two to four weeks).

Another piece of mixed news: Audits have been put on hold. The bad is that I had two audits last week that will almost certainly result in “No Change” letters…eventually.

A piece of bad news: Automated Underreporting (AUR) Notices will continue. They’re automated, so there’s no stopping them. These are notices like the CP2000. What if you need more time, or the notice makes no sense? A year ago, a client received a CP2000 that alleged he owed additional tax. In the “Information to Review” section was this helpful piece of information, “We have no information for you.” When I called the IRS up and explained my difficulty in responding, the woman who answered agreed that it was hard in this case to respond. The IRS issued a second (corrected) CP2000 that explained what they thought was happening, and my client could respond appropriately.

Now though, there’s no way to get that help. Worse, the deadlines still exist. So what should a taxpayer do? Respond to the notice using certified mail, return receipt requested. In the above situation, I’d write a letter stating that the notice makes no sense (enclosing a copy of the notice and any other backup information.) If the shutdown is brief, this won’t be a big deal. If it’s lengthy, this could end up being a mess. Let’s say Joe Taxpayer receives a CP2000 on October 2nd. He responds on October 22nd but the envelope is never opened. Will a second notice be sent out? Will a Notice of Deficiency follow even though the taxpayer has disputed the notice? Hopefully, the shutdown won’t last that long and this will be a non-issue. (I’d expect the IRS to stop issuing CP2000 notices if this drags into weeks.)

Of course, twice this year the IRS has lost responses I sent in to notices (and I had proof the IRS received the responses), so maybe the shutdown will improve things.

Finally, tax returns are still due on October 15th. If you don’t file electronically, make sure you mail your returns using certified mail, return receipt requested.

Posted in IRS | Tagged | 1 Comment

The FBAR Has Changed

Tax professionals can now file FBARs (Form TD F 90-22.1) for clients. We have to have our client sign Form 114a authorizing the preparer to efile the FBAR. Today, when I went to file an FBAR for a client, I was greeted with a very colorful new FBAR. The form also has a new number: FINCEN Form 114.

The form has seven pages (groan). The data-entry portions are the same; however, there is now a pull-down menu on page 1 for the reason for late filing (where applicable):

Page 1 of New FBAR

Not shown on the pull-down menu is “Other Explanation.” You can then enter a lengthy explanation if need be.

There’s now also a place for tax professionals to enter their information when we file the form for clients; this is on page 7 of the form:

Page 7 of New FBAR

Unfortunately, many of the entry boxes uses pull-downs which don’t allow you to just type, say, “NV” for Nevada. Instead, you type an N (or an O) and then move the slider bar down or up to select Nevada. This is definitely annoying when you enter countries for foreign financial accounts.

FINCEN has said that they are working with the IRS and eventually we’ll be able to file FBARs through tax software. I’m likely going to take the over on anyone’s bets for when that will happen….

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The Government Shutdown and Taxes

Apparently the Republicans and Democrats couldn’t get their heads together yesterday, and the government has partially shut down. What does that mean for taxes?

Your tax returns on extension are still due on October 15th. That deadline is statutory, so nothing changes.

If you received an IRS notice, the deadline still applies. Just don’t expect to get a response in an expedient fashion.

The IRS help lines are closed. This includes most walk-in centers and the 800 numbers. Given that IRS help over the phone is often wrong, this may be a blessing for some. However, where it will hurt is the ability to order transcripts. Let’s say John comes into my office and wants to get current with his taxes. I can’t order transcripts until the IRS processes the Power of Attorney…and that’s not going to happen.

Your audit isn’t happening. IRS examinations will be on hold. Again, this does not change the deadline for responding to correspondence exams, but that face-to-face audit will need to be rescheduled.

Based on what I’ve read, Tax Court remains open. This likely means that appeals related to Tax Court will continue.

The government has shut down 17 times since the mid-1970s. We’re still here, and I expect we’ll be here whenever this shutdown ends.

Posted in IRS | Tagged | 1 Comment

Attorney Found Guilty of 28 Tax Charges, but Does Get Nomination for Tax Offender of the Year

Donald Wanland, Jr. is described as a “financially successful” attorney. A resident of El Dorado Hills, California (a Sacramento suburb), Mr. Wanland practices in real estate, business litigation, and construction litigation. Perhaps I should change that to practiced because a trip to ClubFed appears to be in his future.

Mr. Wanland may have earned lots of money–his tax returns from 2000 through 2003 showed income of more than $1.5 million–but he didn’t like paying taxes. Now, most of us don’t like paying taxes but we do so anyway as the consequences of not doing so can be problematic (especially for an attorney). Mr. Wanland, though, had other ideas. At least he filed those tax returns (showing tax due of $448,451); he just didn’t pay those taxes. The DOJ press release notes that Mr. Wanland didn’t pay all of his taxes in the 1990s either.

Well, what did Mr. Wanland do after 2003? He didn’t file returns (though he earned over $1 million from 2004 – 2007). When the IRS issued a levy in 2005, Mr. Wanland decided that a good strategy was to hide all of his income through nominee accounts. (Here’s a helpful hint to others considering such a strategy: Don’t do this!) Meanwhile, Mr. Wanland continued to spend money on vacations, two new cars (a Mercedes Benz and a Cadillac Escalade), gambling at Las Vegas casinos (well, as a Las Vegas resident I’m not as upset with this), and a pool at his home. These were not good ideas when he owed significant tax to the IRS. Oh, I should mention he also made false statements to the IRS.

These are felonies, something an attorney should be knowledgeable about (and want to avoid). A jury on Thursday found that Mr. Wanland was guilty of 28 tax-related charges. Given that the amount of tax involved, I suspect Mr. Wanland is looking at four years at ClubFed. There’s also a likely fine, and restitution.

Mr. Wanland does have one thing to look forward to: He did receive a nomination for my Tax Offender of the Year Award.

Posted in Tax Evasion | Tagged | 1 Comment

It’s Only $67 Million that We Can’t Find…

Have you ever lost something? Of course you have–we all have had experiences where we can’t find that paper we need. Of course, just after we get the second copy of the paper we find the original (Murphy’s Law at work). I’m sure most of us have misplaced some money or your wallet. However, I doubt that most of us have misplaced $67 million.

Earlier this week TIGTA, the Treasury Inspector General for Tax Administration, issued an audit on the Affordable Care Act. The report, dated September 18th, was sent out on the 25th and is titled, “Affordable Care Act: Tracking of Health Insurance Reform Implementation Fund Costs Could be Improved.”

I put the report aside until this morning, and was stunned when I read this paragraph:

Some Affordable Care Act Implementation Costs Were Inaccurate or Not Tracked and Supporting Documentation Was Not Always Maintained

Our review found that the tracking of costs related to the ACA implementation could be improved. Specifically, we found that costs charged to HIRIF funding relating to direct labor were sometimes inaccurate and not always substantiated by reliable supporting documentation. We also found that the IRS did not track all costs associated with implementation of the ACA, including costs not applied to the HIRIF. Specifically, the IRS did not account for or attempt to quantify approximately $67 million of indirect ACA costs incurred for FYs 2010 through 2012. Indirect costs include, for example, providing employees with workspace and information technology support.

There’s more, too. “The IRS did not track all costs associated with the implementation of the ACA.” Those indirect costs were not tracked. The IRS, which is not flush with funds, had the ability to get funding for indirect ACA costs by using funds from a $1 billion Health Insurance Reform Implementation Fund (HIRIF). However, IRS management did not believe that indirect costs should be recovered from HIRIF…so the IRS (and we, the taxpayers) are out those funds.

On the bright side, the IRS agreed with TIGTA’s recommendations in the report and will be tracking these costs in the future. Unfortunately, the HIRIF is likely gone for future years.

This is yet another black eye for the IRS.

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Thigh Injury the Least of Messi’s Problems

Football Soccer star Lionel Messi injured his thigh in yesterday’s game against Almeria (a game his team won, 2-0). Messi will miss two to three weeks with the injury.

Meanwhile, Lionel Messi and his father are accused of something more familiar to readers of this blog: cheating on their taxes. Messi is alleged to have created shell companies in Uruguay, Belize, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom to hide income (his image rights) from Spain and the Spanish income tax agency, Agencia Tributaria, from 2006 through 2009. The UK Telegraph reports that Messi and his father have made a five million euro “corrective payment.”

A judge will rule on whether to dismiss the charges or impose a fine. If found guilty, the maximum fine he could face is €24 Million (just over $31 million at today’s exchange rates) and potentially five years in prison.

Posted in International, Tax Evasion | Tagged | Comments Off on Thigh Injury the Least of Messi’s Problems