California Election: Proposition 1C

Proposition 1C is the third of five of the Governator’s infrastructure bills on the November ballot. Titled “Housing and Emergency Trust Fund Act of 2006”, it’s yet another monstrous bond act. This measure would allow the issuance of $2.6 billion of bonds, used for housing for battered women, low-income seniors, and similar uses.

While the goals of the initiative are laudable, this bond would cost $204 million a year for the next 30 years (for repayment). As Assemblyman Chuck DeVore (R-Irvine) notes, “[it] grows bureaucracy with almost $3 billion in borrowed money, burdening everyone with debt to benefi t a small number of people selected by government, including financially eligible illegal immigrants.”

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ITunes + Tax in New Jersey

As I mentioned previously, New Jersey increased its sales tax earlier this year. The Garden State also expanded what is covered by sales tax. Tattoos, massages, limousines, and data processing services are just some of the itmes that the state will now get a cut of, as of October 2nd. And ITunes downloads.

Yes, online music downloads are taxable in the swamplands. So if you want the latest song from Disturbed (my writing partner’s favorite band) or the Red Hot Chili Peppers, Apple will be collecting sales tax. All to balance a budget by not cutting spending.

News Story: cnet

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What Is It About Strip Club Owners that Makes Them Want to Become Tax Cheats?

I wish I knew the answer—I could write a book on it! Perhaps it’s the cash income. Maybe it’s the borderline pornography. In any case, yet another strip club owner had his day in court.

James Andrew Yaeger, of Columbia, Missouri, owned two strip clubs: “Club Vogue” and “Show Girls.” Today he pleaded guilty to underreporting his income from 1999 through 2001 from his clubs.

How did this cheating occur? Well, when the dancers were paid for their lap dances (in cash, of course), the cash was stuffed in envelopes behind the bar. Unfortunately for Mr. Yeager, someone tipped off state and federal authorities, and Mr. Yeager’s clubs were raided.

It’s unclear from this article whether or not Mr. Yeager faces further court proceedings. But Mr. Yeager is looking at up to 15 years in ClubFed, a fine of up to $750,000, and will likely have to make restitution. And I’m sure the Missouri state authorities are just waiting for their turn.

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Coal in the Stocking for Online Gamblers

Very early Saturday morning, Congress passed the Safe Port Act. Appended at the end of the legislation is the “Unlawful Internet Gambling Enforcement Act of 2006.” (The link takes you to the entire text of the act; go to page 213 to read the relevant portion.) Many of my clients have asked the question, will this change their tax situation?

No.

Whether or not an activity is legal generally does not change whether or not you report income from the activity. Indeed, this Act does not criminalize being an online gambler. (It does make it illegal to be in the business of operating an online gambling site.) Now, if I were a professional online gambler I’d leave out “online” from my profession on my Form 1040. But otherwise this new law changes nothing regarding the tax treatment of gambling winnings and losses.

If you want more information on the Unlawful Internet Gambling Enforcement Act of 2006, see:

Chuck Humphrey’s Analysis
Nolan Dalla’s Thoughts
Two Plus Two Legislation Forum (Lots of threads on the Act)

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Most People Only Want to File One Return a Year

Why would you want to file two individual federal tax returns for one person for one year? Unless you’re amending your return, you don’t do this…unless you’re committing tax fraud.

And from just up the road in Huntington Beach comes the story of an individual who is alleged to have just done that. A federal grand jury indicted James David Richardson with five counts of filing false claims, and one count of obstructing the due administration of the Internal Revenue Service.

Mr. Richardson allegedly filed multiple tax returns for each year between 2000 and 2003, and made false claims asking for $852,278 in refunds he wasn’t entitled to. In 2001 he apparently received refunds of $286,345 that is alleged to have come from multiple false claims.

But I do like what he was then alleged to have done. The indictment charges that Mr. Richardson filed a complaint with Congressman David Drier relating to the delay in payment of his allegedly falsely claimed refunds. He also is alleged to have sent a check for $1,990,000 to the IRS that showed amounts of withholding…except that is alleged never to have happened. Oh, the check bounced, too. Now these actions show some chutzpah.

If Mr. Richardson is convicted on all counts, he could face 53 years in prison. He also could be liable for fines and restitution.

News Story Here

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Utah Couple Would Scam Anyone and Everyone

…Until they got caught.

Steven and Diane Christensen admitted costing the US government between $4 and $7.5 million in tax revenues. An official of US Bank estimates that they lost $13 million. This couple cut a wide swath through the Salt Lake Valley.

But Diane was sentenced to 41 months at ClubFed and Steven received 37 months on Tuesday, so they won’t be bothering Utahans anytime soon. The couple will still need to make restitution to the US government; however, that amount is still to be determined.

News Story: Salt Lake City Tribune

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Why You Keep a Gambling Log

The Tax Court reviewed the case of a couple that enjoyed playing the slots in Atlantic City. The IRS thought that the couple were winners; the couple alleged that they lost. What would the Tax Court say?

Terri and Austin Hartsook won $230,825 playing slot machines in 1999 and $293,750 in 2000. They claimed gambling losses (as an itemized deduction) of the same amounts. The IRS allowed at trial $76,314 of losses in 1999 and $55,750 in 2000. According to the Hartsooks, the IRS disallowed all gambling losses at Harrah’s.

The Hartsooks received numerous W-2G’s from Harrah’s. The Hartsooks used a formula to calculate their losses:

“As we understand the way in which petitioners calculated their claimed gambling losses at Harrah’s, petitioners multiplied the number of minutes between gambling winnings at a $100 slot machine or a $25 slot machine, as reflected on the respective Harrah’s substitute Forms W-2G with respect to Aug. 13 and 14 and Sept. 4, 1999, by the amount that they estimated they would have been able to wager within a minute in such a $100 slot machine or such a $25 slot machine if they had played two coins at one time. Mr. Hartsock testified that he would have been able to wager within a minute $1,200, “give or take $200”, in a $100 slot machine and $300 in a $25 slot machine. Mr. Hartsock testified that petitioners reduced the amount so calculated to reflect that they would not have been constantly wagering in slot machines that they were playing because they would have stopped wagering to light up cigarettes, get drinks, or talk with others.”

There’s a problem with this. “[The Court is] unwilling to rely on Mr. Hartsock’s self-serving and uncorroborated testimony and the self-serving and uncorroborated workpapers that petitioners prepared in order to establish that they incurred gambling losses at Harrah’s on certain dates during 1999.” Additionally, they didn’t have any evidence to show gambling losses in 2000.

What should they have had? A contemporaneous logbook would have been a good start. If they belonged to Harrah’s slot club, they should have gotten a printout of their wins and losses. (Of course, they’d also have to claim the gambling wins that were not shown on W-2G’s.) In any case, not only did they lose on the gambling losses, the Court upheld a negligence penalty.

So the next time you play the slots, we hope all you do is win (so you don’t have to worry about the losses). But if you do lose, write it down correctly in a logbook and you should be protected if the IRS knocks on your door.

Case: Hartsook v. Commissioner, T.C. Memo 2006-205

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They Walked A Crooked Mile

It may be the Jewish New Year (La Shana Tovah for those celebrating), but the tax cheats have been busy over the past few days. We have articles from the East Coast to the West Coast and from Europe.

First, from Providence, Rhode Island comes yet another untrustworthy sole. Eric Messier had been advising the gullible that by creating a “corporation sole” they can avoid taxes. There’s no such thing as a corporation sole. He was collecting between $2,500 and $10,000 per soul. (Story here)

Apparently there’s something in the water in the Ocean State. This story from the Providence Journal is about Edward Dacey. Mr. Dacey was convicted of not reporting $122,000 earned by marketing a “debt elimination scheme” that, like the corporation sole, isn’t worth the paper it’s printed on. Mr. Dacey won’t have to visit Club Fed; instead, he’ll serve five months of home confinement and two years probation.

Closer to home, the Los Angeles Times reported on four tax preparers from nearby Rialto who were inventive. They invented phony deductions, falsified documents for audits, and didn’t report about $1.5 million in income from this fraud that impacted over 11,000 clients.

Meanwhile, we go overseas. Holger Geschwindner of Hof, Germany was a “benefactor and supporter” of NBA star Dirk Nowitzki. The German tax authorities allege that Geschwindner earned “substantial amounts” but didn’t pay any taxes on that, according to this story from Deutsche Presse Agentur. Tax evasion is a crime in Deutschland, too.

An Amarillo doctor will be visiting Club Fed. Stephen Miller was sentenced this past week to 46 months and ordered to pay $970,000 in restitution for attempting to use sham LLCs and sham trusts to avoid taxes. The money was supposed to end up in the Channel Islands.

A Connecticut doctor pleaded guilty to tax evasion, structuring, and health care fraud. Steven Herman skimmed about $870,000 from his business, and then either purchased $700 money orders himself or had household employees do so. He did this over 80 times in order to avoid federal bank transaction laws (and when you do this to avoid those laws, you’re guilty of the crime of “structuring,” which is a felony). Adding insult to injury, he also committed health care fraud by billing elective procedures as “medically necessary.” As this story notes, Mr. Herman faces up to 25 years in prison, must pay back taxes of $374,810 plus penalties and interest, forfeit $236,117 (the amount of the structuring), and reimburse the health insurance company $150,000. It would have been much cheaper to have paid the taxes in the first place. Of course, that’s the case for almost everyone who commits tax evasion.

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Sacked in Tennessee?

When you run for Congress, strange things can happen. Consider this story from Knoxville, home of the University of Tennessee. Heath Shuler is a famous former quarterback for the Volunteers. His NFL career wasn’t lengthy, but he did earn a nice signing bonus. He and his brother formed Heath Shuler Real Estate (HSRE), and they later sold most of their interest in the business. Shuler is running for Congress. And so the story might have gone, but…

…And it’s a big but. The Associated Press happened to find out that HSRE has been “chronically late” in paying its taxes. In fact, they just made a $69,000 late payment. Mr. Shuler, according to the story, is planning on filing a lawsuit to have his name taken off the name of HSRE. I’m not sure how this will be taken in Tennessee politics, but I’m sure he wishes that this story broke in December rather than September.

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California Propositions: Proposition 1B

I was reading Simon Winchester’s Krakatoa: The Day the World Exploded and came across the use of the word “humongous.” In vulcanism, a humongous volcanic event is truly huge. Why am I including this here? Well, Proposition 1B is a humongous bond proposal.

How large? The bond totals $19,925,000,000. Yes, almost $20 billion dollars. That’s a lot of money.

Before I comment further, the goal of the bond measure is laudable: fixing California’s deteriorating infrastructure. The bond measure will allow needed improvements to highways, seismic safety, public transit, and other infrastructure items.

There are, however, a lot of issues with this measure. First, to repay the bonds will cost $38,900,000,000. Yes, nearly $40 billion dollars. That’s double the GDP of Luxembourg. And when bonds are approved, someone must pay for them.

Frankly, I don’t see how this measure can be repaid without a tax increase down the road. I hope I’m wrong, but if this measure is approved our grandchildren will be paying for it in 50 years.

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